Guides on stocks, REITs, dividends and market indicators
Educational articles built from public market data. Not investment advice.
Knowledge library
Find the right guide for your next question
82published guides
82 results
Recently published
Income & REITs01Brazilian FII fair value: a P/NAV and fundamentals frameworkEstimate a Brazilian REIT's fair value with P/NAV, distributable income, lease quality, vacancy, credit risk, and scenario analysis.Income & REITs02How much to invest for dividend income: a clear formulaLearn the formula to calculate investment for monthly dividends. See 2%, 3%, 4% yield scenarios, tax implications, and why estimates aren't guarantees.Fundamentals03Apple's dividend payout ratio: formula and meaningHow Apple's payout ratio is calculated from dividends and earnings per share, why trailing and forward figures diverge, and what buybacks add.
Explore the library
Fundamentals04Best dividend yield: a guide to yield qualityNo single best dividend yield exists. Learn how sector, payout quality, cash flow, leverage, valuation, taxes, and data freshness shape yield signals.Markets05Brazilian Treasury bonds: Tesouro Direto complete guideUnderstand Tesouro Direto bond types, inflation and interest-rate risk, taxes, fees, liquidity and mark-to-market from Treasury and B3 sources.Markets06CDB investment in Brazil: guide to bank certificatesLearn what CDBs are, how fixed vs post-fixed rates work, CDI reference, credit risk, FGC coverage, taxes, liquidity and maturity in Brazil.Valuation07DCF step by step: forecast, discount, value safelyA clear walkthrough of discounted cash flow valuation, from forecasting free cash flow to testing sensitivity.Markets08Form 13F: quarterly disclosure of institutional holdingsWhat Form 13F is used for: quarterly disclosure of institutional holdings, filing dates, covered securities, and why it cannot reveal current positions.Fundamentals09Forward dividend yield: what it is and what it isn'tUnderstand forward versus trailing dividend yield, annualization, declared versus expected distributions, and payout ratio sustainability.Fundamentals10Fundamental analysis: what it is and how to read itFundamental analysis: how financial statements, ratios, cash flow, valuation, and industry context fit together, and why analysis is not a recommendation.Fundamentals11Fundamental Equity Analysis: A Complete GuideLearn how to evaluate a company's business model, financial statements, profitability, cash flow and valuation using SEC filings and public data.Fundamentals12Fundamental vs technical analysis in forexCompare fundamental and technical analysis in forex: rates, inflation, employment, charts, leverage, and risk.Fundamentals13Fundamental vs technical analysis in tradingCompare fundamental and technical analysis by business and financial data, price and volume, time horizon, assumptions, limitations, and bias.Markets14How to buy stocks after hours: venues, orders and risksUnderstand after-hours stock trading: eligible venues, order types, spreads, liquidity, settlement, and broker restrictions for U.S. markets.Income & REITs15How to Calculate Dividend Yield With ExamplesLearn what dividend yield measures, how to calculate it with labeled examples, and why price changes and special distributions can distort the number.Income & REITs16How to check dividend history in a stock screenerUnderstand ex-dates, payment dates, dividend versus interest on equity, trailing yield, and why past dividends do not guarantee future income.Markets17How to Find SEC Form 13F FilingsFind SEC Form 13F filings on EDGAR, understand 13F-HR amendments, filer identifiers, filing periods, and what institutional holdings show and hide.Fundamentals18How to invest in Brazilian bonds: a complete guideUnderstand Brazilian government and corporate bonds, including credit risk, duration, inflation, currency, taxes, and where to check official data.Markets19How to invest in Brazilian ETFs on B3Learn what a Brazilian ETF is, how B3-listed index funds work, what fees and liquidity to expect, and how to check holdings, taxes and currency exposure.Income & REITs20How to invest in Brazilian real estateCompare direct property, FIIs and listed Brazilian real estate companies. Review liquidity, income, vacancy, taxes, currency and risks before you decide.Markets21How to invest in stocks with little moneyLearn how to start investing in stocks with small amounts: fractional shares, fees, diversification, risk, order mechanics and realistic expectations.Tools22How to judge a stock screenerLearn how to judge a stock screener: coverage, data provenance, filter definitions, cadence, export, auditability, and limitations.Markets23How to read a Form 13F information tableA field-by-field guide to the SEC Form 13F information table: manager, issuer, class, CUSIP, value, shares, put/call, and reporting period.Tools24How to use a stock screener for day tradingUse stock screeners to research liquidity, volume, volatility, catalysts, and execution risk.Markets25SEC Form 13F-NPX: proxy voting disclosure guideEvergreen guide to Form 13F-NPX: who files, proxy voting disclosure, annual N-PX deadline, and what the filing reveals about say-on-pay votes.Fundamentals26Stock Investing for Beginners With Little MoneyStart stock investing with little money: account setup, fractional shares, fee control, diversification, emergency reserves, and realistic expectations.Income & REITs27Trailing 12-month dividend yield explained clearlyUnderstand TTM dividend yield: the rolling 12-month window, special dividends, corporate actions, currency, and how it differs from forward yield.Income & REITs28What does a high dividend yield mean?A high dividend yield can signal income or risk. Learn to interpret yields, payout sustainability, and sector differences without chasing high yields.Fundamentals29What does dividend yield mean for stocks?Learn how dividend yield is calculated, why price changes move it, trailing vs forward figures, payout context, and common data limitations.Fundamentals30What does dividend yield percentage mean?Learn what dividend yield percentage measures, how the numerator and denominator interact, and why the figure is not a guaranteed return.Markets31What Form 13F-NT really means for stock holdersForm 13F-NT is a notice filing. Learn who files it, how it relates to 13F-HR, what the cover page shows, and how to read institutional holdings safely.Income & REITs32What Is a Good Dividend Yield?Learn how sector, price, payout and sustainability shape dividend yield; no single threshold fits every stock.Fundamentals33What Is a Good P/E Ratio Range?Why P/E targets differ by sector, growth stage, interest rates, and market regime. No universal rule, only a framework for informed comparisons.Tools34What is a stock screener app: a practical guideLearn what a stock screener app does, which filters matter, and how to use saved screens without falling for false precision or survivorship bias.Income & REITs35What is annual dividend yield? Definition and calculationLearn what annual dividend yield measures, how trailing and forward periods differ, and which edge cases affect comparability.Fundamentals36What is the ideal P/E ratio for a stock?Understand why no single P/E target fits every stock, and how sector context, growth stage, and earnings type affect interpretation.Fundamentals37What is the P/E ratio used for in stock analysis?Learn what the price-to-earnings ratio measures, how to interpret it with context, and when P/E alone is not enough to make an investment decision.Markets38What SEC Form 13F-HR actually reveals and doesn'tEvergreen guide to SEC Form 13F-HR: who files, deadlines, holdings reported, value fields, amendments, and the quarter-end to filing delay.Fundamentals39What the P/E ratio is and how beginners can read itUnderstand the price-to-earnings ratio formula, trailing versus forward earnings, negative earnings, sector comparisons, and why P/E alone is not enough.Fundamentals40Why the P/E ratio matters in stock analysisLearn how the price-to-earnings ratio provides valuation context, reflects earnings expectations, and supports peer comparison when analysing stocks.Fundamentals41Why there is no universal strong P/E ratioWhy P/E varies by sector, growth, rates, earnings quality, and forward vs trailing earnings. Compare multiples, not headline numbers.Fundamentals42AAPL indicators and dividends on FundamentalRadarHow FundamentalRadar's English US-stock page exposes price, P/E, P/B, ROE, dividend yield, financial statements, and source limitations for Apple.Income & REITs43Average Brazilian REIT dividend yield: a 2026 guideLearn what an average Brazilian REIT dividend yield means, how to calculate and compare it, and why the average depends on the universe and the period.Fundamentals44Brazilian healthcare stocks: P/E, P/B, ROE, yieldLearn how FundamentalRadar groups healthcare companies by regulator labels, shows P/E, P/B, ROE, dividend yields, market caps, medians, and data limits.Fundamentals45Brazilian tech stocks: P/E, P/B, ROE, dividend dataLearn how FundamentalRadar's English technology sector page shows P/E, P/B, ROE, dividend yield, medians, ranking and coverage limits.Fundamentals46Consumer sector stocks: using the FundamentalRadar pageSee what the consumer-sector page includes: covered companies, P/E, P/B, ROE, dividend yield, market cap, medians, ranking, classification and data limits.Valuation47DCF Valuation Explained: Forecast to Intrinsic ValueLearn how FundamentalRadar's DCF model projects cash flows, applies a discount rate, and produces an intrinsic-value estimate — not a market prediction.Fundamentals48Dividend stocks: a beginner's research guideLearn what dividend yield means, how distributions work, how to read financials for sustainability, and which screener fields help research B3 stocks.Fundamentals49Energy sector stocks: FundamentalRadar page explainedUnderstand P/E, P/B, ROE, dividend yield, market cap, medians, and ranking on FundamentalRadar's energy sector page for Brazilian electricity stocks.Valuation50Explain intrinsic value: it's an assumption-based estimateLearn why intrinsic value is an assumption-dependent DCF estimate, how sensitivity affects it, and how to compare it cautiously with price.Fundamentals51Financial sector stocks: banks, insurers, ROELearn how FundamentalRadar groups banks, insurers and holdings under one sector page and how to read P/E, P/B, ROE, dividend yield and market cap medians.Fundamentals52GOOGL on FundamentalRadar: price, P/E, and statementsHow the FundamentalRadar US-stock page presents price, P/E, P/B, ROE, dividend yield, market cap, financial statements, and freshness notes for GOOGL.Markets53How to invest in Brazilian government bondsLearn how Tesouro Direto bonds work, including types, maturity, mark-to-market, liquidity, taxes, custody fees and currency risk.Tools54How to invest in Brazilian stocks listed on B3Understand the Brazilian exchange, research public company data, and use FundamentalRadar's English B3 dashboard responsibly as a beginner.Fundamentals55Microsoft valuation guide: price, P/E, P/B, ROE, market capRead Microsoft's valuation indicators on FundamentalRadar's US-stock page: price, P/E, P/B, ROE, dividend yield, market cap and statements.Fundamentals56NVIDIA valuation guide: read price, P/E, P/B, ROE and moreLearn to read NVIDIA's valuation indicators on FundamentalRadar's US-stock page: price, P/B, ROE, dividend yield, market cap, statements and freshness.Fundamentals57Oil and gas stocks: FundamentalRadar sector page guideLearn to interpret P/E, P/B, ROE, dividend yield and market cap on FundamentalRadar's oil and gas sector page.Markets58SEC Form 13F: filing rules, limits and interpretationLearn who files Form 13F, when filings appear, what data limits mean, and how to read ownership data on FundamentalRadar.Tools59Brazil Market Dashboard: Ibovespa, Selic, CDI, IPCA, USD/BRLTrack Brazil's key market indicators: Ibovespa index, Selic rate, CDI, IPCA inflation, and USD/BRL exchange rates with official source timestamps.Tools60DCA Calculator: Recurring Contributions, Returns & LimitsEvergreen guide to the FundamentalRadar DCA calculator: historical simulations, returns, index comparisons, and simulation limits.Fundamentals61Guide to Reading a FundamentalRadar Ticker PageLearn to read closing price, P/E, P/B, ROE, dividends, and financial statements on a FundamentalRadar ticker page step by step.Markets62Reading B3 Top Movers on FundamentalRadarHow to read B3 top gainers/losers panel — % change, session date, turnover, and missing features.Markets63SEC Forms 3 4 5 and 13F: Insider vs Institutional FilingsDistinguish corporate insiders from institutional managers in SEC and CVM ownership disclosures. Research Forms 3, 4, 5 and 13F on FundamentalRadar.Fundamentals64FII Comparator: Analyzing Three Real Estate FundsCompare three Brazilian FIIs side by side using dividend yield, P/B, vacancy, and liquidity. Learn what each metric means and how to avoid common traps.Income & REITs65FII Paper vs Brick: Differences and How to ChooseCompare FII paper and brick funds on B3. Learn how each generates income, their risks, and which fits your portfolio.Fundamentals66Fundamentalist Score: The 0-100 Rating ExplainedLearn how the fundamentalist score rates stocks from 0-100. Understand metrics like P/E, P/B, ROE, dividend yield, and what each percentile means.Income & REITs67How to choose FIIs for monthly income: a practical guideLearn how to select Brazilian real estate investment funds for steady monthly income. Compare FII types, key metrics, and tax rules.Income & REITs68REIT screener: find the best REITs by yield and P/FFOBuild a REIT screener filtering by dividend yield and P/FFO. Learn which metrics matter, screening steps, and common pitfalls to avoid.Fundamentals69Sector Analysis: P/E, ROE and Dividend Yield by SectorCompare median valuation, profitability and income metrics across sectors. Learn how P/E, ROE and dividend yield differ by industry.Markets70Selic and CDI: difference, how they work and move stocksSelic and CDI: how Brazil rates affect stocks and investments.Fundamentals71Stock Screener: Filter by P/E, ROE, and Dividend YieldBuild a stock screener with P/E, ROE, and dividend yield filters. Learn thresholds, sector context, and avoid screening mistakes.Income & REITs72B3 Dividend Calendar: Track Ex-Dividend & PaymentsTrack ex-dividend dates and payments on B3. Learn how dividend dates affect price and tax implications for Brazilian stocks and FIIs.Valuation73DCF Calculator: Discounted Cash Flow ValuationLearn DCF valuation step by step: project cash flows, calculate WACC, estimate terminal value, and build a sensitivity analysis.Tools74Dollar-Cost Averaging (DCA): What It Is and How to SimulateLearn how dollar-cost averaging lowers your cost with harmonic-mean math, when lump-sum beats DCA, and how to simulate a DCA plan.Income & REITs75How to Invest in REITs: A Step-by-Step Guide for BeginnersLearn how to buy REITs, compare ETFs vs individual REITs, evaluate FFO, and avoid non-traded REIT pitfalls — step by step.Fundamentals76P/B Ratio Explained: What It Is & How to Use ItLearn how to calculate and interpret the price-to-book ratio for stock analysis. Understand when P/B signals value and which industries it works best for.Fundamentals77P/E Ratio Explained: A Beginner's GuideWhat the P/E ratio is, how to calculate it, and how to interpret high vs. low values in stock analysis.Income & REITs78What Is a REIT? Definition, Types, and How to InvestLearn what a REIT is, how equity and mortgage REITs work, the SEC requirements, and how to invest in REITs through brokers, mutual funds, and ETFs.Fundamentals79What Is ROE (Return on Equity)? A Beginner's GuideLearn how to calculate Return on Equity (ROE), its DuPont breakdown, and what ROE numbers mean for stock analysis.Fundamentals80Dividend Yield: Definition, Formula, and How to Interpret ItLearn what dividend yield is, how to calculate it, and why high yield isn't always good. Covers trailing vs forward yield, payout ratios, yield traps.Markets81How to Invest in Stocks for BeginnersStep-by-step guide to investing in stocks: open a brokerage account, place your first trade, and understand taxes.Fundamentals82How to Invest in US Stocks from BrazilTwo routes to buy American stocks from Brazil: BDRs on B3 or a foreign brokerage account. Tax rules, declaration steps, and common errors.